Ubuntu Portal

HOWTO Encrypt CD/DVDs in Ubuntu

2007-03-18T11:08:00.001-05:00

This guide can be adapted to any distro, its not Ubuntu specific.

Installing necessary tools

sudo apt-get install aespipe mkisofs loop-aes-utils

Chose a password

You need to chose a 20+ character password and DO NOT FORGET IT, you will NEVER get your data back if you forget the password.

Creating the CD/DVD image

Make a directory called backup then copy the files you want to burn into the backup directory.
We are using AES encryption, you can chose from 128 or 256 bit key lengths, I recommend 256.

mkisofs -r backup | aespipe -e aes256 > backup.iso

or for 128 bit key length

mkisofs -r backup | aespipe -e aes128 > backup.iso

Mounting the image

First we need to load some modules

sudo modprobe aes
sudo modprobe cryptoloop

For 128 bit key lengths:

sudo mount -t iso9660 backup.iso /mnt/iso -o loop=/dev/loop0,encryption=aes128

For 256 bit key lengths:

sudo mount -t iso9660 backup.iso /mnt/iso -o loop=/dev/loop0,encryption=aes256

This will mount the image in /mnt/iso (make sure you have the directory before you try to mount)

Burning

You can burn the image with your favorite program (gnomebaker, k3b), you might get some warnings about the image but you can ignore them.

Mounting the new CD/DVD

First make sure you loaded the aes and cryptoloop modules (see above)
sudo mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/iso -o loop=/dev/loop0,encryption=aes256

How to Export your Mails from Evolution to Thunderbird

2007-03-13T08:48:00.000-05:00

Preparing Your Thunderbird

Create a new mail account in Thunderbird (this is so that if everything goes pear shaped nothing else will be affected).

In Thunderbird choose Edit -> Account Settings -> Add Account

Select Email Account and click Next

Leave identity settings as they are and click next

Set the Incoming Server to “localhost” and REMOVE the tick from “Use Global Inbox” Click next

Leave the Incoming user name as it is. Click Next

Change the Account Name to something relevant such as “Evolution Mail”

Once the settings are created return to Edit -> Account Settings and select the “Server Settings” option under the “Evolution Mail” account. Take note of the “Local Directory” Setting. It will be a string like “/home/yourloginname/.mozilla-thunderbird/a2ti6rsz.default/Mail/localhost”. This is where all mail is stored for this account.

Now that the account is created and you know where to find it you can transfer the emails from Evolution.

Transferring mail from Evolution to Thunderbird

Open up two windows to your Home Directory. Navigate in one of the windows to the path that Thunderbird has assigned for your email storage above. HINT: CTRL+h in your home folder will show all hidden files and folders so you will be able to see the “.mozilla-thunderbird” folder. Once you are in this folder you will see some files in there with names such as Inbox, Inbox.msf, Junk.msf and so on.

In the other window from your home folder navigate to “.evolution/mail/local” This is where any locally stored mail from Evolution is placed. There are a similar set of files to what you see in the Thunderbird folder, Inbox, Drafts and so on.

Copy the files named Inbox, Sent, Outbox and Drafts from the evolution folder to the mozilla-thunderbird folder (dragging and dropping while holding down your ctrl key will copy rather than move the files). When it asks if its ok to overwrite them just say yes. Its ok, nothing bad will happen. Its just a copy. You can trust me. Honest.

If you have your mail folders organised in evolution under your Inbox there will be a sub directory called “Inbox.sbd” under the .evolution/mail/local/ directory. In that directory you will find files named the same as your folders such as Humour, Humour.cmeta, Humour.ev-summary, Humour.ibex.index and so on. Of course, this depends on what you’ve called your folders.

For any of the folders you want to move to Thunderbird chose the file WITHOUT any extension and copy it to the localhost folder where you previously placed the Inbox and other files.

Thats all there is to it! Open Thunderbird and you should see all your mail and the relevant folders under the “Evolution Mail” account. You can keep the mail there or move it around in Thunderbird. The choices are yours.

source: www.ubuntugeek.com

How To Import your mails from Evolution to Thunderbird

2007-03-13T08:47:00.000-05:00

If you want to Import your mails from Evolution to Thunderbird there is very nice utility called MboxImport .

Thunderbird, like many other email clients, uses the mbox format to archive the emails.It’s curious that Thundebird has not a function that let you import or export files in this format and this lack is sometimes a problem when you want to move the accounts from a pc to another one or when you want to migrate (for example) from Mozilla to Thunderbird.Anyway this kind of import can be made very easily copying the mbox file into the directory “Local Folders” (it is inside the profile directory) with Thunderbird close; restarting the program, the mbox file will be visibile as subfolder of Local Folders.To export, you must just copy the email files that are inside the account’s folder.This method can give some troubles, above all for people not very expert with Thunderbird, because the profile’s files are into a hidden directory, whose path changes with the operative systems or also with personal needs.

First you need to download MboxImport from here

Install MboxImport in Thunderbird

In Thunderbird, go in “Tools” –> “Extensions” and click on “Install”;

pick the xpi file you downloaded and follow the instructions;

restart Thunderbird.

To export, it’s sufficient a right-click on the folder or on the account and to choose the voice you want from the menu “Import/export”.

Once you have saved all the folders/files into the Mbox format, just go into Evolution and select “Import” and follow the wizard using “a single file import” and select your xxxx.mbox file and then select which folder in Evolution you want to import into.

For importing the address book from Thunderbird to Evolution, use T-birds address book export function and save the address book as a .csv file.After finishing address book check everything is fine or not.

source:www.ubuntugeek.com

How to Make Make a VCD from an AVI Using Avidemux and K3b

2007-03-13T08:46:00.000-05:00

Avidemux is a free video editor designed for simple cutting, filtering and encoding tasks. It supports many file types, including AVI, DVD compatible MPEG files, MP4 and ASF, using a variety of codecs. Tasks can be automated using projects, job queue and powerful scripting capabilities.

K3b is a GUI frontend to the cd recording programs cdrdao and cdrecord. Its aim is to provide a very user friendly interface to all the tasks that come with cd recording.

from mp3, ogg vorbis, and wav files (on-the-fly or with images)
* cd-text support
* ID3-tag support
* little gimmick: hide the first track (so that you have to search back
from the beginning of the cd to find it)
* volume level normalization (only when writing with an image)

Install Avidemux and K3b in Ubuntu

First you need to check you have installed Avidemux and K3b packages if not use the following command to install

sudo avidemux K3b

This will complete the installation.

Make a VCD from an AVI Using Avidemux and K3b

In Avidemux, from the menu select Auto->VCD, then select a filename. It will create an mpg, saving to your Home directory by default.

In K3b, from the menu select File->New Project->New Video CD Project. Drag and drop the mpg you created in step 1. Click Burn.

How to Clear Free Hard Drive Space with Disk Scrub Utility

2007-03-13T08:45:00.000-05:00

Scrub iteratively writes patterns on files or disk devices to make retrieving the data more difficult. Scrub operates in one of three modes:

The special file corresponding to an entire disk is scrubbed and all data on it is destroyed. This mode is selected if file is a character or block special file. This is the most effective method.

A regular file is scrubbed and only the data in the file (and optionally its name in the directory entry) is destroyed. The file size is rounded up to fill out the last file system block. This mode is selected if file is a regular file.

A file is created, expanded until the file system is full, then scrubbed as in item 2. This mode is selected with the -X option.
Scrub implements user-selectable pattern algorithms that are compliant with DoD 5520.22-M or NNSA NAP-14.x.

Install Scrub in Ubuntu

First you need to install Alien

sudo apt-get install alien

This will help us to convert .rpm files in to .deb packages

Now you need to download the Scrub latest version from here

wget http://heanet.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/diskscrub/scrub-1.8-1.i386.rpm

You have scrub-1.8-1.i386.rpm file now.Convert this file in to .deb using the following command

sudo alien -k scrub-1.8-1.i386.rpm

Now you have the scrub-1.8-1.i386.deb package.You need to install this package using the following command

sudo dpkg -i scrub-1.8-1.i386.deb

This will complete the installation

Create a scratch directory for scrub.

sudo mkdir /scratch

Using Scrub

Scrub Syntax

scrub [-f] [-p nnsa|dod|bsi] [-X] [-D newname] [-s size] file

Example

sudo scrub -X /scratch/junk

Delete junk file once scrub is finished.

sudo rm -f /scratch/junk

Source: www.ubuntugeek.com

How to Send and Receive Hotmail E-mail thru Evolution?

2007-03-09T08:42:00.000-05:00

If you want to use you Evolution mail client to send and receive your hotmail messages use the following procedure.

First, make sure your system is up to date. Open up a terminal and type

sudo apt-get update

First You need to install the inet daemon

sudo apt-get install inetutils-inetd

This takes care of all of our dependencies.

Next You need to install pop3 server and hotsmtp

sudo apt-get install hotway hotsmtp

This will install hotway, which allows you to read hotmail e-mails by simulating a POP3 server, and hotsmtp, which allows you to send e-mail through hotmail using SMTP.

By default, however, only hotway gets installed properly to your inet daemon, so let's fix this.

sudo gedit /etc/inetd.conf

Look for the following line

pop3 stream tcp nowait nobody /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/bin/hotwayd

By default, hotway leaves a copy of each message it downloads on the server but if you don't feel like filling up your hotmail box, change the line to add "-r" to the end, complete line looks like below

pop3 stream tcp nowait nobody /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/bin/hotwayd -r

And we also need to add a line to get hotsmtpd working, just paste the following line at the bottom of the file

2500 stream tcp nowait nobody /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/bin/hotsmtpd

This will set the inet daemon to listen to incoming calls on port 2500, and forward the connection to the hotsmtp daemon. Now, save your file, exit gedit, and restart your inetd server using the following command

sudo /etc/init.d/inetutils-inetd restart

If everything is working properly, you'll see the following pop up on your screen

* Restarting internet superserver inetd [ ok ]

Now, close out of your terminal and start up Evolution. It may pop up the first-time use wizard, you can use that if you like. Or, you may have to go to Edit->Preferences and hit the Mail Accounts button on the left. However you choose to do it, here's your information:

Email Address: xxx@hotmail.com (fill in your normal e-mail address that you use to login to hotmail)

Receive Server type: POP
Server: 127.0.0.1
Username: xxx@hotmail.com (same as above)
Security: No encryption
Authentication type: Password
(Remember password checkbox is up to you)

Send Server type: SMTP
Server: 127.0.0.1:2500
[X] Server requires authentication (check this box)
Use Secure Connection: No encryption
Authentication Type: PLAIN
Username: xxx@hotmail.com (same as above)
(Optional Remember password checkbox)

How to install Gimmie: A new GNOME panel in Ubuntu?

2007-03-09T08:40:00.000-05:00

Gimmie is an elegant way to think about how you use your desktop computer.Gimmie is a new concept of the panel designed to shift the direction of the desktop beyond the standard WIMP model (Windows, Icons, Menu, Pointer) towards one directly representing the concepts that modern desktop users use every day. It is being considered for inclusion in Project Topaz (a.k.a. Gnome 3.0)

Gimmie Features

A new way to think about your desktop
Easy to learn
Relates objects to topics– Colors aide recognition
Quickly see what's open
Bookmarks are running representation
Simple & Obvious
It's a Prototype

Current Stable Version :- 0.2.4

Project Home Page :- http://beatnik.infogami.com/Gimmie

Install Gimmie in Ubuntu

Preparing Your System

First you need to install the following packages

sudo apt-get install make gcc g++

sudo apt-get install python2.4 python2.4-dev python-gnome2-dev python-gnome2-desktop-dev libgnomecups1.0-dev

Now you need to download the Gimmie latest version from here using the following command

wget http://www.beatniksoftware.com/gimmie/releases/gimmie-0.2.4.tar.gz

Now you have gimmie-0.2.4.tar.gz file you need to extract this file using the following command

tar xzvf gimmie-0.2.4.tar.gz

You should see gimmie-0.2.4 directory you need to go in to the directory using the following command to install

cd gimmie-0.2.4

Now you need to start the compilation

./configure

make

make check

make install

This will complete the installation

Now you need to restart your gnome session or logout and login back in to your desktop.

Adding Panel Applet

Now you need to right click on the panel select add panel

Once it open you should see similar to the following screen here you need to select Gimmie under Utilities section and click on add

Once it added to the panel you should see the following screen

Gimmie Screenshots

Now we will see some screenshots

Gimmie Bar

Computer Screen Options

Applications Screen Options

Documents Screen Options

People Screen Options

Common Problems and Solutions

When I try to compile Gimmie i got the following two problems so i am giving the solutions for this

Problem

When i try to compile i got the following error

checking for GIMMIE... configure: error: Package requirements (gtk+-2.0 >= 2.6
pygtk-2.0 >= 2.6
pygobject-2.0 >= 2.6
gnome-python-2.0 >= 2.10
gnome-python-desktop-2.0 >= 2.10
libgnomecups-1.0 >= 0.2.2) were not met:

No package 'gnome-python-2.0' found
No package 'gnome-python-desktop-2.0' found
No package 'libgnomecups-1.0' found

Solution

You need to install the following packages

sudo apt-get install python-gnome2-dev python-gnome2-desktop-dev libgnomecups1.0-dev

Problem

Whe you try to add panel it doesn't show up in add to panel even after logging in and out

Solution

You can try installing gimmie into /usr by passing the “–prefix=/usr” arg to the configure script, which should place the GNOME_GimmieApplet.server file in the proper location for bonobo-activation-server to see it: usually /usr/lib/bonobo/servers.

Alternately, if you installed into the default configure location (probably /usr/local) you can just copy the .server file to /usr/lib/bonobo/servers.

sudo cp /usr/local/lib/bonobo/servers/GNOME_GimmieApplet.server /usr/lib/bonobo/servers

If all of this still doesn’t work, you may need to kill bonobo-activation-server, and/or restart gnome-panel itself.

How to Backup and Restore Ubuntu system?

2007-03-09T08:39:00.000-05:00

Data can be lost in different ways some of them are because of hardware failures,you accidentally delete or overwrite a file. Some data loss occurs as a result of natural disasters and other circumstances beyond your control.

Now we will see a easy backup and restore tool called "sbackup"

SBackup is a simple backup solution intended for desktop use. It can backup any subset of files and directories. Exclusions can be defined by regular expressions. A maximum individual file size limit can be defined. Backups may be saved to any local and remote directories that are supported by gnome-vfs. There is a Gnome GUI interface for configuration and restore.

Current Stable Version : - 0.10.3

Project Home page :- http://sbackup.sourceforge.net/HomePage

Sbackup Features List

Backup any subset of files and directories
Exclude files and directories by regex expressions
Exclude files by type (extension)
Exclude files by maximum file size
Backup to local filesystem
Backup to any Gnome-VFS supported remote filesystem (including sftp and ftp)
Full and incremental backups
Scheduling backups via cron
Gnome GUI for configuration
Gnome GUI for restore
Command-line restore tool that also provides a Python API for restoring a file or directory
Backing up package list in Debian derived distributions
On restore, existing files are not overwritten, but are renamed to a safe name

Installing sbackup in ubuntu

sudo apt-get install sbackup

You can use synaptic also for this if you want to know how to search this software and install check here

Backup Your Data Using Sbackup

Once you completed the installation you can access sbackup using System--->Administration--->Simple Backup Config you can see this in the following screen

Next screen is asking for root password enter password and click ok

Once it opens the sbackup application you can see the following screen where you can configure your backup settings first tab is general options in this example i am choosing "Use custom backup settings"

Sbackup can be operated in 3 different modes

Recommended Backup

If you are new Ubuntu user or aren't sure what you should backup.This will perform a daily backup of your /home,system data held in /etc,/usr/local and /var.This will deliberately exclude any files over 100MB.By default this backup will be stored /var/backup

Custom Backup

This is same as the recommended backup and in this you can change the settings include,exclude files,you can change the schedule time.

Manual Backup

If you want to backup some files from time to time this option is for you and you can click backup now button to manually perform a backup according to the settings on the other backup properties dialog box tabs.

Next you click on "Include" tab here you can include any file or directory you want to backup

If you click on "Add file" button you should see the following screen where you can select your files

If you click on "Add Directory" button you should see the following screen where you can select your Directory for backup

Next option is "Exclude" here you can exclude files and folders you don't want to backup.Here you can exclude Paths,File Types,Regular Expressions,Max file,folder size

Next option is "Destination" here i am leaving the default location i.e /var/backup if you want to chnage the backup store location you can select the "Use Custom local Backup directory" and enter the location

Now you can select "Time" option here you can schedule when do you want to run your backup.

Available options for backups you can see in the following screen you can select hourly,daily,weekly,monthly,custom options

Next option is "Purging" here you can select old and incomplete backups and you set the no.of days you want to purge after completing all the settings you need to click on "Save" button to save your settings.

Now if you want to take backup just click on "Backup Now" or leave the schedule backup in this example i just clicked on "Backup Now" this is started a background process with process id you can see this in the following screen

Restore Your Data Using Sbackup

If you want to restore backups or any files,folders go to System--->Administration--->Simple Backup Restore you can see this in the following screen

Once it opens you should see the following screen here you can select the restore source folder and available backups from drop-down menu here you can choose files and folders you want to restore and click on "Restore" button

In this example i have choosen to restore one .iso file and once you select your file and click on "Restore" it will ask for your confirmation click on yes this will restore the file in orginal location if you want to restore in different location you need to select "Restore As" option

Note:- By default Restored Files and Directories are owned by root this is because of sbackup will runs with root.You need to chnage these files or folder permissions using chmod or just right click and select properties of the file or folder.

Backup Destination on Remote machine

One more beauty about sbackup is you can store your backup on a remotemachine for this it will give the option of using SSH or FTP for this go to System---> Administration---> Simple Backup Config once it opens the application you need to click on destination tab here you can select "Use a remote Directory" option type ssh:// or ftp:// followed by the username:password, then @, then the remote host to connect to and the remote directory.

Final Tip:-

Sbackup doesn't create a new backup file each time it runs and it creates an incremental backup.Which means that it updates the last backup with files that you changed or been created any files that haven't been updated since the last backup are unchanged

Sbackup Configuration from command line

If you want to configure sbackup you need to Edit /etc/sbackup.conf file

Restore Backup from command line

Run "sudo srestore.py /var/backup/2006-11-18_03 /home/myuser /home/myuser/old". You can omit the last parameter to restore to the same directory.

Conclusion

Sbackup is really very useful for new users particularly to allows users to choose either a simple backup scheme that performs incremental backups daily and full backups weekly, or to modify the default scheme with their own settings. Users list directories to backup in the Include tab, and select items to exclude in the Exclude tab. Exclusions can be based on directory,file type (sbackup excludes multimedia files by default), file size,or regular expression.This .

How to Remote Access in Ubuntu

2007-03-06T09:20:00.000-05:00

Remote Login via XDMCP

What is XDMCP?

GNOME windows can support several different users simultaniously. Unlike vncviewer that just duplicates the current screen on a remote system, XDMCP allows several different users to login and run different GNOME sessions at the same time. So if you have a fast computer runing Ubuntu, several users can use their slow machines to login and run heavy applications only available on the fast machine.

How to turn on the XDMCP feature

To turn on the XDMCP feature on the fast computer, click the menu

System -> Administration -> Login Window

In the Login Window Preferences dialog window, select

Remote Tab -> Style: Same as Local ->  Close the dialog window -> Restart the PC

How to login from another PC running Ubuntu

1. Reboot the slow PC and stop at the login screen
2. Click Options at the lower left corner of the login screen
3. Select "Remote Login via XDMCP"
4. On the dialog window, type in the host name or ip of the fast computer you want to login to

Remote Desktop Sharing/Duplication via VNC

How to configure remote desktop (not secure)

Warning! Remote Desktop will only work if there's a GNOME login session

Leaving computer with an unattended GNOME login session is not secure

Use (System -> Lock Screen) and switch off the monitor when computer is left unattended

System -> Preferences -> Remote Desktop
Remote Desktop Preferences

Sharing ->
Allow other users to view your desktop (Checked)
Allow other users to control your desktop (Checked)

Security ->
Ask you for confirmation (Un-Checked)
Require the user to enter this password: (Checked)
Password: Specify the password

How to connect into remote Ubuntu desktop

e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have configured Remote Desktop

Read How to Configure Remote Desktop

Remote Ubuntu machine: 192.168.0.1

vncviewer -fullscreen 192.168.0.1:0

To quit vncviewer

Press 'F8' -> Quit viewer

How to connect into remote Ubuntu desktop via Windows machine

e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have configured Remote Desktop

Remote Ubuntu machine: 192.168.0.1

If you have a router remember to open the appropiate port. The default one is 5900

This process is called port forwarding port forwarding

Download DotNetVNC: Here or RealVNC Here

this is a free DotNet version that require the DotNet framework available from microsoft here

The RealVNC website was created and maintained by the original developers of VNC during their time at AT&T. RealVNC comes in Free, Personal, and Enterprise editions - the latter two costing money.

Open the VNC client you have chosen, and insert the connection string formatted like this <:DESKTOP NUMBER>|<::PORT>

In example use: 192.168.1.2:0 or 192.168.1.2::5900 to connect to desktop 0, to connect to desktop 1 use 192.168.1.2:1 or 192.168.1.2::5901 and so on

How to connect into remote Ubuntu desktop via OSX

e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have configured Remote Desktop

Remote Ubuntu machine: 192.168.0.1

If you have a router remember to open the appropiate port the default one is 5900

This process is called port forwarding port forwarding

Download ChickenOfTheVNC: Here

Open ChickenOfTheVNC, and insert the host (IP address of remote machine), the display number (0 is default and is port 5900) and the password.

In example use: Host: 192.168.0.1, Display 0, Password: password

How to Configure Ubuntu/Kubuntu with WPA using Network-Manager

2007-03-06T09:17:00.000-05:00

For Ubuntu:

sudo apt-get install network-manager-gnome

For Kubuntu (will install knetworkmanager):

sudo apt-get install network-manager-kde

Logout/Reboot.

Ubuntu users should now see the NetworkManager Applet in the Gnome notification area. Kubuntu users will probably have to run knetworkmanager before they see NetworkManager in the systray.

If instead, you get a "The NetworkManager applet could not find some required resources. It cannot continue." message, then:

sudo gtk-update-icon-cache -f /usr/share/icons/hicolor

Once Network-Manager is installed, click on the NM icon in the notification area (default is at the top right of Ubuntu/Gnome). Choose your network, then enter your passphrase. Type a password for the keyring, and you're set.

If you don't see your network, click "Create New Wireless Network...", type your essid/networkname, then choose "WPA Personal" for wireless security.

Note: If you installed Kubuntu then installed ubuntu-desktop & network-manager-gnome, you may not be able to use network-manager in Gnome, if at all. In this case, you may have to use WPA Supplicant and do some manual editing of conf files to get WPA up and running.

Note: When you first log into Gnome/KDE, the keyring application will ask for a password. Future revisions of Network-Manager should resolve this.

How to get ipw3945 and wep/wpa to work

2007-03-06T09:15:00.000-05:00

Install the daemon using apt (recommended for new users):

sudo apt-get install linux-restricted-modules-generic

reboot your system and you should have wireless internet/network.

After that look at this post. 
How to Configure Ubuntu/Kubuntu with WPA using Network-Manager

How to get ipw2200 and wpa to work

2007-03-06T09:13:00.000-05:00

1) Open a terminal window and type:

Code:

wpa_passphrase your_ssid your_psk

Note: your_ssid is the name of your wireless network (a.k.a. SSID) and your_psk is the password you want to use to protect your network. (Look below for an example).

2) Now copy the psk string you got as output.

3) Type:

Code:

sudo gedit /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf

Then paste this as follow:

Code:

ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
#ap_scan=2

network={
     ssid="your_ssid"
     scan_ssid=1
     proto=WPA RSN
     key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
     pairwise=CCMP TKIP
     group=CCMP TKIP
     psk=your_psk
}

Note: your_psk is the psk string you got from step 1.

Here is an example:

Code:

luca@laptop1:~$ wpa_passphrase mywlan thisisthepassword
network={
      ssid="mywlan"
      #psk="thisisthepassword"
      psk=b22ec921c254c73f99b31b76ff876692ecde36839a1f2d92150829e6afcb5515
}

The red string is what you have to paste into /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf as your_psk (without quotes obviously). So you'll have something like this:

Code:

ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
#ap_scan=2

network={
     ssid="mywlan"
     scan_ssid=1
     proto=WPA RSN
     key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
     pairwise=CCMP TKIP
     group=CCMP TKIP
     psk=b22ec921c254c73f99b31b76ff876692ecde36839a1f2d92150829e6afcb5515

4) Save the file and close Gedit.

5) Now we have to make wpa_supplicant load when system boots, so go back to the terminal window and type:

Code:

sudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces

6) Add the following lines in the part regarding your wireless card, as in the example below:

Code:

pre-up wpa_supplicant -Bw -Dwext -ieth0 -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
post-down killall -q wpa_supplicant

Note: "eth0" is your wireless device and "wext" is the driver; this is a kind of generic driver, so it should work with most wireless cards. If it doesn't, please try another driver, such as hostap, ndiswrapper, etc.
Here is an example:

Code:

iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.15
netmask 255.255.255.0
wireless-essid my_essid
gateway 192.168.1.1
pre-up wpa_supplicant -Bw -Dwext -ieth0 -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
post-down killall -q wpa_supplicant

7) Now run wpa_supplicant:

Code:

sudo wpa_supplicant -Bw -Dwext -i eth0 -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf

You should be online!

Troubleshooting:

You can run wpa_supplicant with -dd flag for a detailed debug output.

1) If you don't manage to connect to the AccessPoint, try to uncomment line 2 in /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf.
2) If that doesn't help, try change its value to 0 or 1.
3) If you get troubles while authenticating, try removing "RSN" and/or "CCMP" strings from /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf.

source: http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=263136

Install Ubuntu Games

2007-03-06T09:03:00.000-05:00

How to install game Tuxracer

sudo aptitude install planetpenguin-racer planetpenguin-racer-data planetpenguin-racer-extras

Applications -> Games -> planetpenguin-racer

How to install game Frozen-Bubble

sudo aptitude install frozen-bubble

Applications -> Games -> Frozen-Bubble

How to install game Scorched3D

sudo aptitude install scorched3d

Applications -> Games -> Scorched 3D

How to install real-time-strategy game (globulation 2 alpha21)

wget http://globulation2.org/releases/0.8.21/glob2_alpha21_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i glob2_alpha21_i386.deb

You might also need to install dependencies if dpkg returns a dependency error

sudo aptitude -f install

To play use this command:

glob2

Archivers / Packages/ Compression

2007-03-06T08:58:00.000-05:00

How to install 7z Archiver ( .7z)

sudo aptitude install p7zip-full

How to install RAR Archiver (rar)

Note: Program included in Automatix2. If you have already used Automatix2, this program may have been installed

sudo aptitude install rar unrar

Applications -> Accessories -> Archive Manager

How to install & use .rpm to .deb Converter (Alien)

sudo aptitude install alien

sudo alien -d package.rpm (-d for Debian package)

How to make Ubuntu/Debian packages (CheckInstall)

Install CheckInstall

sudo aptitude install checkinstall

When compiling software from source, replace "make install" with "checkinstall"

./configure
make
checkinstall

A Debian package (.deb) will now be created in the current directory.

To install the created package

sudo dpkg -i package_name.deb

Consider copying your package to a personal Apt Repository

#Personal Apt Repository

How to use Bluetooth to share files

2007-03-05T09:32:00.000-05:00

sudo aptitude install bluez-utils gnome-bluetooth

Open Applications -> Accessories -> Bluetooth file sharing
You're now able to receive files from other Bluetooth-devices
To send a file: find a file to send, right click and choose "Send to", wait until the other device is detected, and click "send".

To see if your Bluetooth-device is supported check this site: http://www.holtmann.org/linux/bluetooth/features.html

How to install Broadband ADSL/PPPoE Client (RP-PPPoE)

2007-03-05T09:31:00.000-05:00

wget -c http://www.roaringpenguin.com/files/download/rp-pppoe-3.8.tar.gz
sudo tar zxvf rp-pppoe-3.8.tar.gz -C /opt/
sudo chown -R root:root /opt/rp-pppoe-3.8/
gksudo gedit /usr/share/applications/RP-PPPoE.desktop

Insert the following lines into the new file

[Desktop Entry]
Name=RP-PPPoE
Comment=RP-PPPoE
Exec=gksudo /opt/rp-pppoe-3.8/go-gui
Icon=pppoeconf.xpm
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Network;

Save the edited file
Applications -> Internet -> RP-PPPoE

How to install Dialup PPP Client (GNOME PPP)

2007-03-05T09:30:00.000-05:00

sudo aptitude install gnome-ppp

Applications -> Internet -> GNOME PPP

How to install CD Ripper (Goobox)

2007-03-05T09:28:00.000-05:00

sudo aptitude install goobox
sudo rm -f /usr/share/applications/goobox.desktop
gksudo gedit /usr/share/applications/goobox.desktop

Insert the following lines into the new file

[Desktop Entry]
Name=CD Player & Ripper
Comment=Play and extract CDs
Exec=goobox
Icon=goobox.png
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;AudioVideo;

Save the edited file
Applications -> Sound & Video -> CD Player & Ripper

How to RIP DVD in Ubuntu (DVD::rip)

2007-03-05T09:13:00.000-05:00

Write following lines in the Terminal.

sudo aptitude install dvdrip vcdimager cdrdao subtitleripper
sudo ln -fs /usr/bin/rar /usr/bin/rar-2.80
gksudo gedit /usr/share/applications/dvdrip.desktop

Insert the following lines into the new file
[Desktop Entry] Name=dvd::rip  Comment=dvd::rip Exec=dvdrip Icon=/usr/share/perl5/Video/DVDRip/icon.xpm Terminal=false Type=Application Categories=Application;AudioVideo; 
Save the edited file  Applications -> Sound & Video -> dvd::rip

Play NES and SNES games in Ubuntu

2007-03-02T12:02:00.000-05:00

If you like installing applications from command line you could iuse the following command at the terminal to install the zsnes emulator :-

sudo apt-get install zsnes

Now zsnes is a nice emulator that can play SNES games , it has a nice GUI and can run both on Windows and Linux operating system.

However if you dont like zsnes you can try other emlators also one popular one is fceu,To install fceu type the following command at terminal

sudo apt-get install fceu

fceu is for running NES games only.

However if you prefer to install application graphically launch Synaptic Package Manager (System -> Administration -> Synaptic Package Manger) and search for package fceu,zsnes and check them and press install button.

Now to launch fceu or zsnes go to (Applications -> Accessories -> terminal ) and type the following commands to run the emulator.

zsnes to launch the zsnes emulator it has it's own graphical interface and hence it use is self explanatory.

ZSNES in Action

For playing NES game you have to use fceu to launch fceu type the following command at the terminal.

fceu -inputcfg gamepad1 /home/user/Mario.nes (Or any other game nes and path)

Now fceu would ask you which keys you want to configure for what actions type the keys accordingly (you have to press twice to confirm the keys).

After this done next time you want to start fceu you dont have to specify your keys again you can use the following command to run fceu.

fceu ROM.nes (Where ROM.nes is your rom you want to run)

Mario Game running under fceu

Now for roms(nes and snes games ) you can use the google for finding and downloading roms , since i dont quite know about legality of using these roms so i wont recommend any site to you , anyways they are quite easy to find using google.

Source: http://linuxondesktop.blogspot.com/2007/03/playing-classic-games-under-ubuntu.html

Play Classic DOS games in Ubuntu

2007-03-02T11:41:00.000-05:00

DOSBOX : -

DOSBOX allows you to run your old dos programs under Linux , DOSBOX provides a full featured dos environment inside your ubuntu box . DOSBOX allows running of DOS programs in Linux and Windows.

To install DOSBOX type the following command in the Console Window (Applications -> Accesories -> Terminal)

sudo apt-get install dosbox

Alternatively you can use the Synaptic package manager located in (System -> Administration -> Synaptic Package Manager) for installing the DOSBOX emulator. Launch the synaptic package manager and click on Search button and type dosbox in the text field mark th checkbox of dosbox and click on install, for installation to start.

After completing installation, create a directory say (/home/user/games) where you would like to store your games,

now after copying your games to the directory launch dosbox by typing dosbox in terminal window.

Opening Screen of dosbox

In DOSBOX type the following command to make your games directory visible inside the dosbox emulator

mount d /home/user/games

Now go to d drive , then go to the directory of the game and launch the executable file of the game to start the game.

Alleycat game running under DOSBox

Some of the popular DOS games can be obtained at the following internet address : -

Bio Menace (This game and all it's three series were released as Freeware and can be downloaded from ) ,Commander Keen , Wolfeinstein 3D , Duke Nukem , Hocus Pocus , Crystal Caves and other can be downloaded at the following address some of the games are shareware and some freeware but trust me even shareware games would give you hours if not days of entertainment : - http://www.3drealms.com/downloads.html

Alley Cat ( This game released in 1984 is one of my all time favorite i have spent a lot of time playing this on my 386 computer ) this can be downloaded from the following : - http://www.dosgamesarchive.com/download/game/91

Dangerous Dave ( Well this game released in 1988 is a very simple game which is quite popular here in India even today in school labs you could find people playing this game !!!!!) :- http://www.abandonia.com/games/Dangerous%20Dave.zip

Mario Brother VGA ( Well this is also a nice game it even has a boss mode to fool your boss that you are working and to top it all it is only few kilobytes in size !!) :- http://www.abandonia.com/games/880/MarioBrothersVGA

Get more old dos games here at : http://www.abandonia.com
http://dosgamesarchive.com

Wikipedia page on list of all dos games : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:DOS_games

Wikipedia page on commercial games released as freeware (most of them dos) : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_commercial_games_released_as_freeware

source: http://linuxondesktop.blogspot.com/2007/03/playing-classic-games-under-ubuntu.html

How to enable WPA with Ndiswrapper driver

2007-03-02T11:34:00.000-05:00

First, make sure the Ndiswrapper driver works by itself without encryption.

Create a file called /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf, and paste in the following. Modify the ssid and psk values.

ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
network={
  ssid="YourWiFiSSID"
  psk="YourWiFiPassword"
  key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
  proto=WPA
  pairwise=TKIP
}

Test it. Make sure your router is broadcasting its SSID.

sudo wpa_supplicant -Dwext -iwlan0 -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf -dd

If your WPA works. Load it automatically when you reboot.

gksudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces

Change your wlan0 section to the following.

If you are using static IP:

auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet static
address 192.168.1.20
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
pre-up wpa_supplicant -Bw -Dwext -iwlan0 -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
post-down killall -q wpa_supplicant

or this, if you are using dhcp.

auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
pre-up wpa_supplicant -Bw -Dwext -iwlan0 -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
post-down killall -q wpa_supplicant

Reboot

How to install Windows Wireless Drivers (Ndiswrapper) in Ubuntu Edgy.

2007-03-02T11:31:00.000-05:00

In order to install ndiswrapper you need a copy the windows drivers for your Wireless ethernet device.
This is only meant to be installed if your card isn't supported by Ubuntu, check Ubuntu's list of natively supported wireless cards.
Check ndiswrapper's list of supported wireless cards if your card isn't supported natively, please visit Ndiswrapper's official supported cards list

Find out if you have acx module loaded. Because acx module interferes with windows driver, we need to remove it if it is found.

lsmod | grep acx

Remove the acx module if found. It could also be acx_pci or similar. Please Note: New kernel updates will auto load the acx module again. So repeat the following two commands every time the kernel is updated.

sudo rmmod acx
sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist

Add a new list at the end of the file like this:

# drivers wireless ACX
blacklist acx

Install ndiswrapper and drivers (due to a bug in Edgy, you need to specify ndiswrapper-utils-1.8)

sudo apt-get install ndiswrapper-utils-1.8
sudo ndiswrapper -i /location_of_your_wireless_driver/your_driver.inf
sudo ndiswrapper -l
sudo modprobe ndiswrapper

Set ndiswrapper to load on startup

sudo ndiswrapper -m
gksudo gedit /etc/modules

Add the following module to the list

ndiswrapper

Now you can configure your wireless card with ifconfig and iwconfig.

e.g. Supposing wlan0 is your wireless device.

sudo iwconfig wlan0 essid "AP" key ababababababababab mode Managed
iwconfig

You sould now be able to see the MAC address of the access point and signal rate.

Ndiswrapper for Broadcom 43xx wireless chipset

The Broadcom 43xx (bcm43xx) wireless chipset is one of the most common chipsets, so special scripts have been written for it.
Only follow this if you have a bcm43xx device. To check in the Terminal type:

lspci | grep Broadcom\ Corporation

If it displays a line similar to this,

0000:02:02.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4306 802.11b/g Wireless LAN Controller (rev 03)

you have a Broadcom wireless chipset. Please proceed with the instructions.

Put the Ubuntu CD that you installed Ubuntu with in the CD drive.
Download this to the desktop (the Firefox default, so if you haven't changed it, that's where it went/will go).
In a terminal type

cd ~/Desktop (or wherever you downloaded the file)
tar -xf bcm4318*.tar.gz
sudo ./ndiswrapper_setup

Your wireless chipset should now work. Try rebooting if you have problems. Please see this thread if you have problems: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=197102&highlight=install+ndiswrapper

source: Ubuntuforums.org

How to install Windows Applications in Linux (Wine)

2007-03-01T11:06:00.000-05:00

First, add repository for Wine:

gksudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Add the following lines at the end of this file

# Repository for wine
deb http://wine.budgetdedicated.com/apt edgy main
deb-src http://wine.budgetdedicated.com/apt edgy main

Save the edited file

Acquire public key

gpg --keyserver hkp://subkeys.pgp.net --recv-keys 58403026387EE263
gpg --export --armor 58403026387EE263 | sudo apt-key add -

Update and install Wine package

sudo aptitude update
sudo aptitude install wine

source: http://ubuntuguide.org/wiki/Ubuntu_Edgy#How_to_install_Windows_Applications_in_Linux_.28Wine.29

how to install Automatix2

2007-03-01T10:59:00.000-05:00

Open Terminal and type the following command.

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Add the following lines at the end of file

## Automatix repository
deb http://www.getautomatix.com/apt edgy main

NOTE: Kubuntu/Xubuntu users will need to uncomment (remove the # before the word "deb") all the additional sources as well as add the automatix repository.
Now save and close /etc/apt/sources.list and run the following commands from terminal (one by one, hitting enter after each step)

wget http://www.getautomatix.com/apt/key.gpg.asc
gpg --import key.gpg.asc
gpg --export --armor 521A9C7C | sudo apt-key add -

Update APT

sudo aptitude update

Run the following commands to install Automatix2

sudo aptitude install automatix2

Automatix2 can be started from the the Menu

Menu -> System -> Automatix

Automatix2 can be run from terminal by typing the folowing

automatix2

Sources: http://ubuntuguide.org/wiki/Ubuntu_Edgy#How_to_install_Automatix2_on_Ubuntu.2C_Kubuntu.2C_and_Xubuntu

How to Triple Boot Xp, Vista and Ubuntu

2007-03-01T10:55:00.000-05:00

irst you will need OSes themselves, and you are probably couple of days too late to download your free RC2 copy of Windows Vista. Secondly you’ll need your XP installation CD and finally latest Ubuntu or other Linux distribution.

I have two hard drives, one SATA for my system installations and a fat IDE for my personal stuff that I back up once in a while and migrate from old to new systems. The first step is optional but I would highly recommend it as your typical format does nothing to master boot record. And of course it is a nice feeling to start from a clean drive, and by using some free software you can almost make it sterile.

The obvious choice is Darik’s Boot and Nuke, but I must warn you, it’ll take a while to complete. A real while. Simple burn the iso and boot from it.

I would also recommend to disconnect drives you don’t want to erase and put them far away from Murphy’s law.

Select you drive and choose the quick method by pressing M. As I said before it took me a good 24 hours to complete the quick wipe.

There are tons of free utilities that can do DBaN’s basic functions. One of them is Killdisk.

Killdisk set me back only an hour or so.

Now to the usual part. Pop in Ubuntu and click Start or Install.

It is important to partition you hard drive before starting the installation. You can use a separate free GParted image or other commercial software like Partition Magic or Acronis Disk Director. Or you can use GParted built in to Ubuntu, but don’t partition drive as part of your installation as it will mess up your mount points.

Simply open a terminal window and type

sudo gparted

Create new label and create partitions you want. Before acting on this tutorial I would advise to check your current usage to give yourself a rough idea. I use 20 gigs for XP, 10 for Vista and 10 for Ubuntu + 1 for swap.

Another good thing about partitioning under Ubuntu is access to some simple games and utilities like a calculator to make the process a little bit easier.

As you can’t add more than four primary partitions I created one for XP, one for Vista, one for Shared Fat32 partition (so you could read and write straight away) and an extended partition for root and swap partitions.

You can see final setup below.

Then simply click Install shortcut on the desktop to run Ubuntu installation and after couple of steps select manually edit partition table.

Your mount points should be available to you. Go ahead, align them by partition name and rename mount points to something more sensible like xp, vista and share.

After installation is complete, reboot and login. Open the terminal and backup your MBR. You can use

sudo fdisk -l

to see a list of available partitions and

df

to see your mount points.

Type

sudo dd if=/dev/hda of=/media/share/ubuntu.bin bs=512 count=1

to backup GRUB. Make sure to check it by running

hexdump -C /media/share/ubuntu.bin

and search for some GRUB’s references. If it is blank (zeros) or has NTFS strings in it, you probably should check the if’s hda/sda parameters. You can read more at O’Reilly.

Next step is to install Windows XP. Select first partition, quick format if you want and complete you typical install.

Another optional but recommended step - rename you drives, it will help you during Vista’s install.

Now we need to add Ubuntu to boot.ini. Press Win+Break key or go to Control Panel > System and select Advanced and Startup and Recovery Settings. Select your default operating system as Windows XP, uncheck “time to display list of operating systems” and change your recovery time option. Then click Edit. I would recommend to move ubuntu.bin somewhere more appropriate, like your Windows folder. Add the following line to boot.ini you opened before.

C:\Windows\ubuntu.bin=”Ubuntu Edgy Eft [Desktop 6.10]”

The trick to boot from a single boot screen is to use Windows’ bad behaviour of overwriting MBR without asking to our advantage. Vista will pick up entries from boot.ini and add them to it’s winload. Now put your Vista DVD in, reboot and install it.

Select second partition showed as “Vista” (if you renamed disks).

After installation is complete search for “cmd” in Start menu and right click on it to run as administrator as it is the only way you can get access to bcdedit. Bcdedit is Vista’s command line “editor” for the boot loader.

Type

bcdedit

to see your settings and note identifier values.

To rename Vista and XP type

bcdedit -set {ntldr} DESCRIPTION “Windows XP [Professional SP2]”

bcdedit -set {current} DESCRIPTION “Windows Vista [Ultimate RC2]”

And change order

bcdedit /displayorder {current} {ntldr}

This way order will be Vista, XP, Ubuntu so you only need to press up or down once not twice. Yes, there is a reason they renamed Unix with “x” :)

Last step is to change some settings from Vista’s GUI. In the same way as XP open Startup and Recovery, set default OS to XP, change display time to 10 and recovery to 5.

That’s it. Vista boots fine, XP boots because you deselected display time after XP installation and Ubuntu boots GRUB for 2 seconds (press ESC if you want to see it) and automatically loads Ubuntu because it is not aware of XP and does not show you the choice menu as you installed Ubuntu first.

I hope you enjoyed building your home or development system.

Entire post by: http://www.hevnikov.com/blog/2006/11/13/triple-boot-xp-vista-ubuntu-with-single-boot-screen/

How To Run Photoshop in Ubuntu

2007-03-01T10:49:00.000-05:00

Requirements: Dual-Boot System. you should have Windows installed on other partition and that partition has to be mounted. please check the post how to mount NTFS partition.

In Terminal type the following commands.

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install wine and then when it asks to approve type “yes”
$ sudo wine
$ sudo apt-get install recode and then when it asks to approve type “yes”

Copy Adobe folder from “c:\Program Files\” to “/home/YOURNAME/.wine/drive_c/Program Files/”

- Now you need to export the registry keys of the Adone Photoshop CS2;

In your Windows box, type “regedit” in the command-line and export the whole “HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/Software/Adobe/” to “adobe.reg”.
The next step is to copy that file to your Ubuntu box and convert it to the encoding of YOUR system. For example, if your Ubuntu box has as default charset ascii and your Windows box has ucs-2 then “$ recode ucs-2..ascii adobe.reg” would do the trick. After you converted your adobe.reg file, type “$ sudo wine regedit adobe.reg” to import it to wine.
That’s it! Type “$ sudo wine –winver winxp “[path to Photoshop]/photoshop.exe” or create a launcher and enjoy Adobe Photoshop CS2 on Ubuntu.

Source: http://blog.publicidadpixelada.com/how-to-adobe-photoshop-cs2-on-ubuntu-10-steps/

How To Mount NTFS partition

2007-03-01T09:13:00.000-05:00

First let’s figure out where our NTFS partition is hiding. I’m going to assume that you’ve got an NTFS partition, an EXT3 partition and perhaps a FAT32 partition laying about. Open up a terminal session and type the following:

sudo fdisk -l

You’re looking for the NTFS partition, my output looks like this:

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 2550 20480008+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2 2550 7493 39707451+ f W95 Ext’d (LBA)
/dev/sda3 7494 9729 17960670 83 Linux
/dev/sda5 2550 7394 38911288+ b W95 FAT32
/dev/sda6 7395 7493 795186 82 Linux swap / Solaris

It’s /dev/sda1 that I’m interested in. Find out what yours is and write it down somewhere. A good thing to do is to write it backwards on your forehead in indellible marker. This not only allows you to see where it is every time you look in the mirror but I’ll also be able to identify my readers if you venture out into public.

So let’s install the stuff we’ll need to get this working.

sudo apt-get install libfuse2 fuse-utils libntfs8 ntfsprogs

Now let’s add fuse to the list of stuff that our kernel will load:

echo fuse | sudo tee -a /etc/modules

Now let’s add a group which we’ll use to control who can or can’t get access to the NTFS partition.

sudo addgroup ntfs

When this is done, you’ll get some output which will contain your GID (Group ID). It’ll look something like adding group ntfs (1001). Write down that GID, or add it to your backwards forehead list.

Now we’re going to create a mount point for our partition. This is a folder into which this disk will be shoved. Well, metaphorically speaking anyway. We’ll put it in the /media directory so it’ll show up on our desktop. then we’ll edit the fstab file to tell it to mount the NTFS partition on to the folder.

sudo mkdir /media/windows

sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak

gksudo gedit /etc/fstab

Now that you’ve got the fstab file backed up and open in gedit, let’s add the following line to the bottom of it.

/dev/hda1 /media/windows ntfs-fuse auto,gid=1002,umask=0002 0 0

Here’s where you’ll need a mirror to look at the info you’ve written backwards on your forehead. The first bit ‘/dev/hda1′ is the location of your NTFS partition. If you’re is different, then change it in your fstab entry above. The second bit we’ll need is the GID of your ntfs group. If it’s not 1002 then change that as well.

Now, let’s add your user to the ntfs group. If you’re username is ‘slartibartfast‘ this is how the command would look. (If you’re username is not ’slartibartfast, then type your username in place of slartibartfast, or consider changing it to slartibartfast’).

sudo adduser slartibartfast ntfs

Now let’s do some quick removing and linking to fix a known bug.

sudo rm /sbin/mount.ntfs-fuse && sudo ln /usr/bin/ntfsmount /sbin/mount.ntfs-fuse

Now reboot your machine and you’ll come back up to the joy of being able to muck with your windows install while not actually booting into windows.

Source: ArsGeek
http://www.arsgeek.com/?p=585

CD/DVD Burning

2007-02-28T21:33:00.000-05:00

How to blank CD-RW/DVD-RW

e.g. Assumed that /dev/cdrom is the location of CD/DVD-ROM

sudo umount /dev/cdrom
cdrecord dev=/dev/cdrom blank=fast

How to burn files/folders into CD/DVD

nautilus burn:///

File Browser: CD/DVD Creator

Drag files/folders into window

File Menu -> Write to Disc... -> Write

How to burn Image (ISO) files into CD/DVD

Right click on Image (ISO) file -> Write to Disc... -> Write

How to create Image (ISO) files from CD/DVD

e.g. Assumed that /dev/cdrom is the location of CD/DVD-ROM

sudo umount /dev/cdrom
dd if=/dev/cdrom of=file.iso bs=1024

How to create Image (ISO) files from folders

mkisofs -r -o file.iso /location_of_folder/

How to generate MD5 checksum file

md5sum file.iso > file.iso.md5

How to check MD5 checksum of files

e.g. Assumed that file.iso and file.iso.md5 are in the same folder

md5sum -c file.iso.md5

How to mount/unmount Image (ISO) files without burning

To mount Image (ISO) file

sudo mkdir /media/iso
sudo modprobe loop
sudo mount file.iso /media/iso/ -t iso9660 -o loop

To unmount Image (ISO) file

sudo umount /media/iso/

How to set/change the burn speed for CD/DVD Burner

Applications -> System Tools -> Configuration Editor
Configuration Editor

/ -> apps -> nautilus-cd-burner -> default_speed (set/change the burn speed)

How to enable burnproof for CD/DVD Burner

Applications -> System Tools -> Configuration Editor
Configuration Editor

/ -> apps -> nautilus-cd-burner -> burnproof (Checked)

How to enable overburn for CD/DVD Burner

Applications -> System Tools -> Configuration Editor
Configuration Editor

/ -> apps -> nautilus-cd-burner -> overburn (Checked)

sources: http://ubuntuguide.org/wiki/Ubuntu_Edgy#CD_.26_DVD_burning_.26_ripping

How to install a Wacom tablet

2007-02-28T21:30:00.000-05:00

For a detailed guide with screenshots about how to configure the "Extended input devices" in your graphic applications, please follow the official Dapper guide at https://wiki.ubuntu.com//Wacom

With the version of the Linux Wacom driver (0.7.2) in Ubuntu 6.06 Dapper Drake, if you unplug you tablet, it won't function when you plug it back in and you will have to restart X. For this reason, it is best to leave the tablet plugged in. This limitation will be removed when the 0.7.4 version of the driver is included in Ubuntu.

Read #General Notes

1. Using Synaptic package manager, check if the packages xserver-xorg-input-wacom and wacom-tools are already installed - if not, install them. If you prefer using the command line, you can also execute :

     sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-wacom wacom-tools

2. Save a copy of your /etc/X11/xorg.conf :

      sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.backup

then edit it with the command line :

      gksudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

and change all /dev/wacom occurences into /dev/input/wacom (created by wacom-tools udev scripts), then save the file.

You should be ready to go after you have restarted X. Remember to configure the "Extended input devices" in your graphic applications (Gimp, Inkscape), however you can already check if it's working by moving your stylus on the tablet : the mouse cursor should go through the whole screen.

How to setup the surround speakers (5.1 and others) with ALSA

2007-02-28T21:29:00.000-05:00

Edit the ~/.asoundrc file, create it if it doesn't exist:

gedit ~/.asoundrc

Enter the following section:

pcm.!default {
   type plug
   slave.pcm "surround51"
   slave.channels 6
   route_policy duplicate
}

This will allow to play the surround output and duplicate the stereo output to all 6 channels (not only front ones).

How to enable Large Widescreen Support

2007-02-28T21:27:00.000-05:00

24/23" widescreen monitors sometimes have issues running 1920x1200.
Examples include: Dell 2405, HP 2335 or an Apple Cinema Display.

sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Add the following line to the appropriate "Monitor" section

Modeline "1920x1200" 154 1920 1968 2000 2080 1200 1203 1209 1235

For example the HP2335 should now look like:

Section "Monitor"
 Identifier "hp L2335"
 Option  "DPMS"
 Modeline "1920x1200" 154 1920 1968 2000 2080 1200 1203 1209 1235
EndSection

How to configure PalmOS Devices

2007-02-28T21:26:00.002-05:00

gksudo gedit /etc/udev/rules.d/10-custom.rules

Insert the following line into the new file

BUS="usb", SYSFS{product}="Palm Handheld*", KERNEL="ttyUSB*", NAME{ignore_remove}="pilot", MODE="666"

Save the edited file
Add the pilot-applet to the Taskbar by Right-Clicking on an empty spot
Follow the instructions on screen

How to enable WPA with Ndiswrapper driver

2007-02-28T21:26:00.001-05:00

First, make sure the Ndiswrapper driver works by itself without encryption.

Create a file called /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf, and paste in the following. Modify the ssid and psk values.

ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
network={
  ssid="YourWiFiSSID"
  psk="YourWiFiPassword"
  key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
  proto=WPA
  pairwise=TKIP
}

Test it. Make sure your router is broadcasting its SSID.

sudo wpa_supplicant -Dwext -iwlan0 -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf -dd

If your WPA works. Load it automatically when you reboot.

gksudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces

Change your wlan0 section to the following.

If you are using static IP:

auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet static
address 192.168.1.20
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
pre-up wpa_supplicant -Bw -Dwext -iwlan0 -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
post-down killall -q wpa_supplicant

or this, if you are using dhcp.

auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
pre-up wpa_supplicant -Bw -Dwext -iwlan0 -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
post-down killall -q wpa_supplicant

Reboot

Ndiswrapper for Broadcom 43xx wireless chipset

2007-02-28T21:24:00.000-05:00

The Broadcom 43xx (bcm43xx) wireless chipset is one of the most common chipsets, so special scripts have been written for it.

Only follow this if you have a bcm43xx device. To check in the Terminal type:

lspci | grep Broadcom\ Corporation

If it displays a line similar to this,

0000:02:02.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4306 802.11b/g Wireless LAN Controller (rev 03)

you have a Broadcom wireless chipset. Please proceed with the instructions.

Put the Ubuntu CD that you installed Ubuntu with in the CD drive.
Download this to the desktop (the Firefox default, so if you haven't changed it, that's where it went/will go).
In a terminal type

cd ~/Desktop (or wherever you downloaded the file)
tar -xf bcm4318*.tar.gz
sudo ./ndiswrapper_setup

Your wireless chipset should now work. Try rebooting if you have problems. Please see this thread if you have problems: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=197102&highlight=install+ndiswrapper

How to install Windows Wireless Drivers using Ndiswrapper

2007-02-28T21:23:00.000-05:00

Find out if you have acx module loaded. Because acx module interferes with windows driver, we need to remove it if it is found.

lsmod | grep acx

Remove the acx module if found. It could also be acx_pci or similar. Please Note: New kernel updates will auto load the acx module again. So repeat the following two commands every time the kernel is updated.

sudo rmmod acx
sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist

Add a new list at the end of the file like this:

# drivers wireless ACX
blacklist acx

Install ndiswrapper and drivers (due to a bug in Edgy, you need to specify ndiswrapper-utils-1.8)

sudo apt-get install ndiswrapper-utils-1.8
sudo ndiswrapper -i /location_of_your_wireless_driver/your_driver.inf
sudo ndiswrapper -l
sudo modprobe ndiswrapper

Set ndiswrapper to load on startup

sudo ndiswrapper -m
gksudo gedit /etc/modules

Add the following module to the list

ndiswrapper

Now you can configure your wireless card with ifconfig and iwconfig.

e.g. Supposing wlan0 is your wireless device.

sudo iwconfig wlan0 essid "AP" key ababababababababab mode Managed
iwconfig

You sould now be able to see the MAC address of the access point and signal rate.

How to identify Modem chipset

2007-02-28T21:22:00.001-05:00

wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/scanModem.gz
gunzip -c scanModem.gz > scanModem
chmod +x scanModem
sudo cp scanModem /usr/bin/

To identify Modem chipset

sudo scanModem
gedit Modem/ModemData.txt

How to Correct the Graphics Resolution (Intel)

2007-02-28T21:20:00.000-05:00

ntel 915g, 945g, etc. graphics chipsets only have a limited set of resolutions initially installed, despite the correct driver being detected.
Install the resolution altering tool:

sudo apt-get install 915resolution

Run the following to see the availible modes:

915resolution -l

Choose a resolution you don't need and replace, for example the following changes 1920x1440 to 1920x1200

915resolution 5c 1920 1200

This should add the option for that resolution to the "System>Preferences>Screen Resolution" tool.
If it works correctly then you can make the change permanent:

sudo gedit /etc/rc.local

Simply add the command you typed in above before:

exit 0

How to setup pivot (screen rotation) with proprietary NVIDIA drivers

2007-02-28T21:18:00.000-05:00

Some LCD monitors are equipped with the pivot feature, to take advantage of it the display has to be rotated 90 degrees. The proprietary nVidia drivers support hardware rotation with the Xrandr extension.

To enable rotation support find the "Device" section for the "nvidia" driver in the /etc/X11/xorg.conf file:

Section "Device"                                                               
      Identifier      "NVIDIA Corporation NV34 [GeForce FX 5200]"
      Driver          "nvidia"

Add the following option to this section:

       Option          "RandRRotation" "on"

Then the display can be rotated (direction depends on the orientation of the monitor) by:

Setting the "Rotation" property to either "Left" or "Right" in the "System > Preferences > Screen Resolution" dialog.
Issuing either "xrandr -o left" or "xrandr -o right" command.

How to install Beta Graphics Driver (NVIDIA)

2007-02-28T21:17:00.000-05:00

WARNING this is very error prone.. a better method is to use Alberto Milones Envy program; http://albertomilone.com/nvidia_scripts1.html

Thanks to Alberto Milone

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Add ONE of the following lines based on your architecture

deb http://www.albertomilone.com/drivers/edgy/latest/32bit binary/
deb http://www.albertomilone.com/drivers/edgy/latest/64bit binary/

Save the edited file

Add the GPG key

wget http://albertomilone.com/drivers/tseliot.asc
gpg --import tseliot.asc
gpg --export --armor albertomilone@alice.it | sudo apt-key add -

Update and install

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-glx
sudo apt-get upgrade

The upgrade should update your linux-restricted-modules & linux-restricted-modules-common packages.

sudo nvidia-xconfig

Add a menu option for nVidia Settings

sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/NVIDIA-Settings.desktop

Insert these lines in the new file and save

[Desktop Entry]
Name=NVIDIA Settings
Comment=NVIDIA Settings
Exec=nvidia-settings
Icon=
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;System;

Restart the computer and your new drivers should be installed.

Test the install with these 2 programs

glxinfo
glxgears

How to install Graphics Driver (NVIDIA)

2007-02-28T21:15:00.000-05:00

sudo apt-get install nvidia-glx nvidia-kernel-common
sudo nvidia-xconfig

Should the above not enable the new driver, you can enable it manually by opening the X config file:

sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

and replacing "nv" with "nvidia"

Read #How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer

Enable XvMC by creating the nVidia XvMC configuration file

sudo gedit /etc/X11/XvMCConfig

Insert the following line into the new configuration file, to tell the players the name of the nVidia XvMC shared library:

libXvMCNVIDIA_dynamic.so.1

To use XvMC to accelerate video playback, use the following flags. See [[2]] for more details.

xine -V xxmc filename.ts
mplayer -vo xvmc -vc ffmpeg12mc filename.ts

How to install Beryl/AIGLX (Intel i915)

2007-02-28T21:14:00.000-05:00

Follow the how-to on beryl project wiki.

If that does not work, check if you have direct rendering enabled (type into the terminal):

glxinfo | grep direct

The output should be:

direct rendering: Yes

If the output says No, check you have direct rendering manager loaded:

lsmod|grep 915

The output should be:

i915   21632  3
drm    74644  4 i915
tsdev   9152  0

If it shows only tsdev line, you can try to configure xorg.conf to driver i810, restart, CTRL-ALT-F1 to terminal session and configure xorg.conf back to use i915. That helped me.

How to install Beryl/AIGLX (Nvidia)

2007-02-28T21:11:00.000-05:00

Ensure all packages up to date

Install your *ubuntu-desktop metapackage specific to your DE, e.g. sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Add repositories

gksudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Add the following line at the end of this file (x86 and amd64):

deb http://ubuntu.beryl-project.org/ edgy main

Add key

wget http://ubuntu.beryl-project.org/root@lupine.me.uk.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -

Save the edited file then update package lists

sudo apt-get update

Install Beryl

sudo apt-get install beryl emerald-themes

Back up xorg.conf

sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup
gksudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Add this to xorg.conf "Screen" section

# Enable 32-bit ARGB GLX Visuals
   Option "AddARGBGLXVisuals" "True"

# If you are using an older version of compiz that
# does not support rendering into the Composite
# Overlay Window, you will need to disable clipping
# of GLX rendering to the X Root window with this
# option, or you will get a blank screen after
# starting compiz:
   Option "DisableGLXRootClipping" "True"

Add this to xorg.conf "Device" section

Option          "TripleBuffer" "true"

Restart X with ctrl+alt+backspace

Start Beryl (if it doesn't start on its own)

beryl-manager

Start Emerald (if it doesn't start on its own)

emerald --replace

Have Beryl and Emerald load on login
- System -> Preferences -> Sessions
- Startup Programs -> Add

beryl-manager

and

emerald --replace

- If, on reboot, program menus aren't displaying in the correct layer (you can't see them when you select them because they are displaying behind the window) then right click on the 'Beryl Manager' icon in the panel (the red gem icon) and select 'Reload Window Manager'. The problem should be solved the next time you reboot.

Some users have found that the latest beryl packages are not working properly, and beryl fails to load. This can be fixed by:

Open synaptic package manager, search for beryl, press ctrl+e and select version 0.1.99.2 You have to do this for beryl, beryl-core, beryl-manager, beryl-plugins, beryl-plugins-data, beryl-settings, beryl-settings-binding, libberyldecoration0 and libberylsettings0

Source: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=353809

How to install Xgl/Beryl (ATI)

2007-02-28T21:09:00.000-05:00

(From Beryl Forums) (Also From Ubuntu Forums)

Read #General Notes
Read #How to install Graphics Driver (ATI)

First make sure you have 3d acceleration available in a normal gnome session. There are lots of howtos for this , Google if you need any help with that. So if glxinfo shows direct rendering: yes , then you are good to go. If not xgl and Beryl wont work!

Update your system

sudo aptitude update
sudo aptitude dist-upgrade

Prepare and update repositories

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Add to /etc/apt/sources.list

##BERYL REPOSITORIES
deb http://ubuntu.beryl-project.org edgy main
deb-src http://ubuntu.beryl-project.org edgy main

##BERYL SVN REPOSITORIES
deb http://download.tuxfamily.org/3v1deb edgy beryl-svn
deb-src http://download.tuxfamily.org/3v1deb edgy beryl-svn

Download and import the gpg key for beryl & beryl svn project repositories

wget http://ubuntu.beryl-project.org/root@lupine.me.uk.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -
wget http://download.tuxfamily.org/3v1deb/DD800CD9.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -

Update your sources

sudo aptitude update

Install needed packages

sudo apt-get install xserver-xgl libgl1-mesa xserver-xorg libglitz-glx1 beryl \
beryl-core beryl-manager beryl-plugins beryl-plugins-data beryl-settings emerald \
emerald-themes

Make a startup script for xgl

sudo gedit /usr/bin/startxgl

Add to /usr/bin/startxgl

#!/bin/sh
Xgl :1 -fullscreen -ac -accel xv:pbuffer -accel glx:pbuffer &
DISPLAY=:1
exec dbus-launch --exit-with-session gnome-session

Make the script executable

sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/startxgl

Make a xgl session for the login manager

sudo gedit /usr/share/xsessions/xgl.desktop

Add to /usr/share/xsessions/xgl.desktop

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=Xgl
Comment=Start an Xgl Session
Exec=/usr/bin/startxgl
Icon=
Type=Application

System > Preferences > Sessions > Startup Programs > Add

beryl-manager

Reboot
In the login manager you can now choose a session named Xgl
Answer to following question that you want to use Xgl for this session only (if something went wrong you are logged in next time using standard session)
If everything works fine , you can set it as the default session , remember you can always login a normal gnome session if you want.

If you own an x series radeon and have problems with lockups, read this post:

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=150854

Note for all cards: glxinfo will show that direct rendering is not working , dont worry thats normal when you are running xgl.

Install Eye Candy (nVidia)

2007-02-28T21:07:00.000-05:00

Preparation

sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Find this section

Section "Module"
 Load "i2c"
 Load "bitmap"
 ...
 Load "type1"
 Load "vbe"
EndSection

Comment out dri and GLcore (if present)

Trouble

# Load "dri"
# Load "GLcore"

Make sure the glx module is loaded

 Load "glx"

Find this section (your values may vary)

Section "Device"
 Identifier "NVIDIA Corporation NV34M [GeForce FX Go5200]"
 Driver  "nv"
 BusID  "PCI:1:0:0"
EndSection

Replace with the following lines, leaving the Identifier and BusID as it is

Section "Device"
 ...
 Driver  "nvidia"
 ...
 Option  "RenderAccel"  "true"
 Option  "AllowGLXWithComposite" "true"
EndSection

Find this section

Section "Screen"
 Identifier "Default Screen"
 Device  "NVIDIA Corporation NV34M [GeForce FX Go5200]"
 Monitor  "Generic Monitor"
 DefaultDepth 16

Make sure DefaultDepth is set to 24, if it isn't already

 DefaultDepth 24

Save the edited file

Install Xgl + Compiz

sudo cp /etc/gdm/gdm.conf-custom /etc/gdm/gdm.conf-custom-backup
sudo gedit /etc/gdm/gdm.conf-custom

Scroll to the bottom of the file and replace "servers" section with the following lines, then save the file.

[servers]# Override display 1 to use Xgl
0=Xgl

[server-Xgl]
name=Xgl server
command=/usr/bin/Xgl :0 -fullscreen -ac -accel glx:pbuffer -accel xv:fbo
flexible=true

Edit your sources.list (sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list) and add the following line to the bottom:

deb http://gandalfn.club.fr/ubuntu edgy dev

Save the file. You must also download the gpg key by running the following command:

gpg --keyserver hkp://wwwkeys.eu.pgp.net --recv-keys 0x483170E9 ; gpg --export -a 0x483170E9 | sudo apt-key add -

After doing the above you must update apt-get:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Now install all necessary packages:

sudo apt-get install compiz compiz-plugins gnome-compiz-manager xserver-xgl libgl1-mesa xserver-xorg libglitz-glx1

To start Compiz you can type the following into a terminal:

compiz-tray-icon

You should then see a Compiz icon on your gnome panel. Right click on it and select "GL Desktop".You may also want to add this command to your session start-up programs list.
Another useful utility is Compiz Settings Manager.Download from http://www.go-compiz.org/index.php?title=Compiz-Settings

Troubleshooting
- If Xgl/Compiz doesn't seem to work, or you get errors, simply restart your machine. (Recommended)

How to install FluxBox

2007-02-28T21:05:00.000-05:00

sudo aptitude install fluxbox

Make it start when you login through GDM

echo "exec startfluxbox" > ~/.xinitrc

Make it make the pretty sound on login

sudo aptitude install sox
gedit ~/.fluxbox/startup

Find this line:

exec /usr/local/bin/fluxbox

Put this above it somewhere:

play /usr/share/sounds/login.wav > /dev/null 2>&1 &

Listen happily.

How to install XFCE 4.4

2007-02-28T21:04:00.000-05:00

sudo aptitude update
sudo aptitude install xubuntu-desktop

Also recomended to install thunar-volman, the tool for automatic mount of removable devices

sudo aptitude install thunar-volman

How to install KDE

2007-02-28T21:02:00.000-05:00

sudo aptitude install kubuntu-desktop

Note: This installation will require ~400MB of disk space

System -> Log Out -> Log Out
To log in to KDE click on Sessions and choose KDE

How to install EasyUbuntu

2007-02-28T21:01:00.000-05:00

Easy Ubuntu is a small straight-forward utility that allows novice users to easily install a wide variety of content for Ubuntu such as media codecs, fonts, Macromedia Flash and Sun Java.

Open a terminal from Menu -> Accessories -> Terminal and run the following commands

wget http://easyubuntu.freecontrib.org/files/easyubuntu-3.023.tar.gz
tar -zxf easyubuntu-3.023.tar.gz
cd easyubuntu
cp packagelist-dapper.pot packagelist-edgy.pot
cp packagelist-dapper.xml packagelist-edgy.xml
sudo python easyubuntu.in

From the Easy Ubuntu window, check the appropriate boxes to download and install content to Ubuntu.
Note: Users of the previous EasyUbuntu 3.0 version may experience issues with installing Flash and Java.
If you would like automatic update, then follow these instructions:

depending on which version of Ubuntu you're using:

On Ubuntu:

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

On Kubuntu:

sudo kate /etc/apt/sources.list

On Xubuntu:

gksudo mousepad /etc/apt/sources.list

In your text editor which will open, add to the bottom of your /etc/apt/sources.list file:

deb http://easyubuntu.cafuego.net main easyubuntu

How to add extra repositories

2007-02-28T20:58:00.000-05:00

You can also add extra repositories using the Synaptic Package Manager. New users may find it more user-friendly to add extra repositories through the Package Manager. If you follow the link above, you do not have to follow the rest of this tip.

sudo cp -p /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Replace everything with the following lines

To use your local mirror you can add "cc." before archive.ubuntu.com (cc = your country code)

e.g. deb http://lv.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy main restricted universe multiverse

## Add comments (##) in front of any line to remove it from being checked.  
## Use the following sources.list at your own risk. 

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

## MAJOR BUG FIX UPDATES produced after the final release
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

## UBUNTU SECURITY UPDATES
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-security main restricted universe multiverse

## BACKPORTS REPOSITORY (Unsupported.  May contain illegal packages.  Use at own risk.)
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

## PLF REPOSITORY (Unsupported.  May contain illegal packages.  Use at own risk.)
deb http://medibuntu.sos-sts.com/repo/ edgy free
deb http://medibuntu.sos-sts.com/repo/ edgy non-free
deb-src http://medibuntu.sos-sts.com/repo/ edgy free
deb-src http://medibuntu.sos-sts.com/repo/ edgy non-free
                                                                                                                                       
## CANONICAL COMMERCIAL REPOSITORY (Hosted on Canonical servers, not Ubuntu
## servers. RealPlayer10, Opera, DesktopSecure and more to come.)
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu edgy-commercial main

## Listen
#deb http://theli.free.fr/packages/ edgy listen

Save the edited file

wget -q http://medibuntu.sos-sts.com/repo/medibuntu-key.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -
sudo aptitude update